San Gimignano
Beijing
Les Moulins
Habana
Roma
Sao Paulo
Paris
Dubai
Carlos Cruz-Diez (1923-2019)
Carlos Cruz-Diez is one of the main protagonists of contemporary art. His research and his writings make him the last great thinker of the 20th century in the realm of color. His work has revealed a new understanding of chromatic phenomena in art, expanding its perceptual universe considerably.
Cruz-Diez proposes color as an autonomous and evolutive reality where the implication of our senses reveals chromatic events as they develop. Events that take place in space and time, without anecdotes or references, stripped of any symbols, past or future, in a continuous present.
Works by Carlos Cruz-Diez encourage a different knowledge relationship where the viewers can discover their capacity to create and destroy color with their own perceptual means while finding an emotional resonance through their personal experience.
Carlos Cruz-Diez describes himself as an artist applying the discipline of a scientist “because the supports that I have managed to structure are a source of surprise and imponderables… In my works, nothing is left to chance; everything is intended, planned, and programmed. Liberty and emotions are only present when choosing colors, a task with only one self-imposed restriction: to be efficient in what I want to say. It is a combination of both rationale and emotion. I don’t get inspired: I reflect.”
Carlos Cruz-Diez’s body of work, based on three conditions of color: subtractive, additive and reflective is developed through eight lines of research: Couleur Additive, Physichromie, Induction Chromatique, Chromointerférence, Transchromie, Chromosaturation, Chromoscope and Couleur à l’Espace. Each of them responding to different behaviors of color.
His works are in the permanent collections of prestigious institutions such as the Museum of Modern Art (MoMA), New York; Tate Modern, London; Musée d’Art Moderne de la Ville de Paris; Centre Pompidou, Paris; Museum of Fine Arts, Houston; Wallraf-Richartz Museum, Cologne; Geffen Contemporary, Museum of Contemporary Art (MOCA), Los Angeles; Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden, Washington, D.C.; Louisiana Museum of Modern Art, Humlebæk.
2024
El color en movimiento, curated by Michel Gauthier, Centre Pompidou, Malaga, ES
Cromofilia, curated by Eugenio Viola, MAMBO Museo de Arte Moderno de Bogotá, Bogota, CO
El Color en Dos Tiempos, GAN Galeria de Arte Nacional, Caracas, VE
L'euphorie de la couleur, Galleria Continua, Paris, FR
2023
L'euforia del colore, Galleria Continua, San Gimignano, IT
RGB, The colors of the Century, Rainbow space, Shanghai, CN
2022
Carlos Cruz-Diez, Environnement de Transchromie Circulaire, Venet Foundation, Le Muy, FR
Carlos Cruz-Diez, El Peso de la Forma, el diseño gráfico de Carlos Cruz-Diez, Sala Mendoza, Caracas, VE
Carlos Cruz-Diez, Chromosaturation, Pérez Art Museum Miami (PAMM), Miami, USA
The Euphoria of Color, Galleria Continua, Dubai, UAE
2021
Carlos Cruz-Diez, El peso de la forma. El diseño gráfico de Carlos Cruz-Diez, Library of Queen Sofia National Museum Art Centre, Madrid, ES
2020
Carlos Cruz-Diez, Ulsan Culture & Arts Center, Ulsan, SK
2019
Carlos Cruz-Diez. Hommage à la couleur, Galerie Denise René - Espace Marais, Paris, FR
Carlos Cruz-Diez. El color haciéndose, Museum of Contemporary Art (MAC), Panama City, PA
Carlos Cruz-Diez. Un patrimonio a perpetuar, Odalys Galería de Arte, Caracas, VE
Carlos Cruz-Diez, Didáctica y Dialéctica del color, Centro Cultural Chacao, Caracas, VE
Carlos Cruz-Diez. Labyrinthus, La Patinoire Royale - Galerie Valérie Bach, Brussels, BE
Carlos Cruz-Diez, Laberintos de color. Homenaje a Carlos Cruz-Diez, Museum of Fine Arts, Caracas, VE
2018
Carlos Cruz-Diez at the Cistern. Spatial Chromointerference, Buffalo Bayou Park Cistern, Houston, US
Carlos Cruz-Diez. Luminous Reality, Phillips, London, GB
Carlos Cruz-Diez. Color in Motion, Museum für Konkrete Kunst Ingolstadt (MKKI), Ingolstadt, DE
2017
Carlos Cruz-Diez. Mastering Colour, Puerta Roja, Hong Kong, CN
Chroma, SCAD Museum of Art, Savannah, US
2016
Carlos Cruz-Diez. Du statique au dynamique, Galerie Denise René - Espace Marais, Paris. FR
Carlos Cruz-Diez. Un être flottant, Galerie Mitterrand, Paris, FR
2015
Carlos Cruz-Diez. Didaktik und Dialektik der Farbe, Das Kleine Museum, Weissenstadt, DE
2014
Cruz-Diez en noir et blanc. Photographies de 1943 à 1975, Maison de l'Amérique latine, Paris, FR
Carlos Cruz-Diez. Circonstance et Ambiguïté de la Couleur, Fondation Vasarely, Aix-en- Provence, FR
2013
Carlos Cruz-Diez. Circumstance and Ambiguity of Color, Central Academy of Fine Arts (CAFA), Beijing, CN
2012
RVB, The Musée en Herbe, Paris, FR
Cruz-Diez. A cor no espaço e no tempo, Pinacotheca of the state of São Paulo, São Paulo, BR
Carlos Cruz-Diez. El color en el espacio y en el tiempo, University Museum Contemporary Art (MUAC), Mexico City, MX
2011
Carlos Cruz-Diez. Color in Space and Time, Museum of Fine Arts (MFAH), Houston, US
Carlos Cruz-Diez. El color en el espacio y en el tiempo, Latin American Art Museum of Buenos Aires (MALBA) - Costantini Foundation, Buenos Aires, ARG
2009
Carlos Cruz-Diez. El color sucede, Museu d’Art Espanyol Contemporani - Fundación Juan March, Palma de Mallorca, ES
Carlos Cruz-Diez. El color sucede, Museum of Spanish Abstract Art - Fundación Juan March, Cuenca, ES
2008
Carlos Cruz-Diez. (In)Formed by Color, Americas Society/Council of the Americas, New York, US
2007
Cruz-Diez. La couleur dans l'espace, Maison de l’Amérique latine, Paris, FR
1988
Carlos Cruz-Diez. Die Autonomie der Farbe. Bilders - Plastiken - Objekte aus den Jahren, 1959-1988, Josef Albers Museum Quadrat Bottrop, Moderne Galerie, Bottrop, DE
1981
Cruz-Diez. Didáctica y dialéctica del color. Intervenciones en la arquitectura. Inducciones cromáticas, Caracas Museum of Contemporary Art (MACC) - Cadafe Room - Ipostel Room, Caracas, VE
1975
Cruz-Diez. El artista y la ciudad, Exhibition hall of the Gobernación del Distrito Federal, Caracas, VE
1974
Carlos Cruz-Diez, Caracas Museum of Contemporary Art (MACC) - Cadafe Room, Caracas, VE
1970
35th Venice Biennial, Venezuelan Pavilion, Venice, IT
1969
Cruz-Diez. Cinq propositions sur la couleur, Galerie Denise René - Rue La Boétie, Paris, FR
1965
A Decade of Physichromies by Carlos Cruz-Diez, Signals London, London, GB
1960
Fisicromías de Cruz-Diez, Museum of Fine Arts, Caracas, VE
1956
Carlos Cruz-Diez, Galería Buchholz, Madrid, ES
2023
The Ability to dream, Galleria Continua, Paris, FR
The Ability to dream, Galleria Continua, Moulin, FR
Art in Motion, Springfield Art Museum, Springfield, USA
The Dynamic Eye: Beyond Optical and Kinetic Art, Atkinson Museum, Porto, PT
Masters that Changed the City. A Tribute to Jesús Rafael Soto and Carlos Cruz Diez on Their Centennial, curated by Yuni Villalonga, Coral Gables Museum, Coral Gables, Florida, US
Mouvement et Lumière, Fondation Villa Datris, Isle sur la Sorgue, FR
Noor Riyadh Festival, curated by Jérôme Sans, Pedro Alonzo, Alaa Tarabzouni, Fahad bin Naif, Riyadh, SA
2022
Kinetismus, 100 Years of Electricity in Art, Kunsthalle Praha, Prague, CZ
Color intermitente, Museo de Artes Visuales (MAV) / Universidad Jorge Tadeo Lozano, Bogotá, CO
Révolution Xenakis, Philarmonie de Paris, FR
Cinétique ! La sculpture en mouvement, Villa Datris/Espace Monte Cristo, Paris, FR
Abstract Art Beyond the Frame au Museum of Latin American Art (MOLAA), Long Beach, California, US
L'occhio in gioco. Percezione, impressioni e illusioni nell'arte dal Medioevo alla Contemporaneità, Palazzo del Monte di Pietà , Padova, IT
Paris et nulle part ailleurs: 24 artistes étrangers à Paris de 1945 à 1972, Musée de l'Histoire de l'Immigration (MNHI) Paris, FR
Mouvement - hommage à Denise René, Bonisson Art Center, Rognes, FR
The Dynamic Eye: Op and Kinetic Art From the Tate collection, Museum of Art Pudong, Shanghai, CN
2021
Ways of Seeing Abstraction, Palais Populaire (Cultural Forum of the Deutsche Bank), Berlin, DE
2020
Marion Charlet & Carlos Cruz-Diez, La Patinoire Royale - Galerie Valérie Bach, Brussels, BE
Sud-Est. Le constructivisme en héritage. Europe de l’Est et Amérique du Sud, Fondation Vasarely, Aix-en-Provence, FR
Connecting Currents: Contemporary Art at the Museum of Fine Arts, Houston. Color into Light, MFAH Museum of Fine Arts, Houston, US
The Marzio Years: Transforming the Museum of Fine Arts, Houston, 1982–2010, MFAH Museum of Fine Arts, Houston, US
Les Extatiques, Paris La Défense, Paris, FR
2019
Racing the Galaxy, Between the Palace of Independence & the Palace of Peace and Reconciliation, Nur-Sultan, Astana, KZ
La révolution permanente. Œuvres optiques et cinétiques. Collection du Centre Pompidou- Musée national d’art moderne, Fondation Vasarely, Aix-en-Provence, FR
Le diable au corps. Quand l’Op Art électrise le cinéma, MAMAC Musée d’Art Moderne et d’Art Contemporain, Nice, FR
Sur Moderno. Journeys of Abstraction - The Patricia Phelps de Cisneros Gift, MoMA Museum of Modern Art, New York, US
Vertigo. Op Art and a History and Deception 1520-1970, MUMOK Museum of Modern Art, Ludwig Foundation, Wien, AT
2018
Suspension. Une histoire aérienne de la sculpture abstraite. 1918-2018, Palais d’Iéna, Paris, France
The Other Trans-Atlantic. Kinetic and Op Art in Eastern Europe and Latin America 1950’s - 1970s, Garage Museum of Contemporary Art, Moscow, Russia
Action <-> Reaction. 100 Years of Kinetic Art, Kunsthal , Rotterdam, Netherlands
Concrete Matters, Moderna Museet, Stockholm, Sweden
Signals, Sotheby’s Gallery S|2, London, United Kingdom
L’Aventure de la couleur. Œuvres phares du Centre Pompidou, Centre Pompidou-Metz, Metz, France
Obres obertes. L’art en moviment, 1955-1975, Fundació Catalunya - La Pedrera, Barcelona, Spain
Contesting Modernity. Informalism in Venezuela, 1955-1975, Museum of Fine Arts (MFAH), Audrey Jones Beck Building, Houston, United States
2017
L’emozione dei COLORI nell’arte, Turin Civic Gallery of Modern and Contemporary Art (GAM), Turin, Italy
Georges Pompidou et l'art. Une aventure du regard, Château de Chambord, Chambord, France
Licht und Bewegung, Kunsthalle Messmer, Riegel am Kaiserstuhl, Germany
Dialogues concrets. Carlos Cruz-Diez & la Donation Albers-Honegger, Espace de l’Art Concret, Mouans-Sartoux, France. Curator : Carlos Cruz-Diez
L’emozione dei COLORI nell’arte, Turin Civic Gallery of Modern and Contemporary Art (GAM), Turin, Italy
Georges Pompidou et l'art. Une aventure du regard, Château de Chambord, Chambord, France
Licht und Bewegung, Kunsthalle Messmer, Riegel am Kaiserstuhl, Germany
Dialogues concrets. Carlos Cruz-Diez & la Donation Albers-Honegger, Espace de l’Art Concret, Mouans-Sartoux, France. Curator : Carlos Cruz-Diez
2016
The Illusive Eye. Op Art and the Americas in the 1960s, El Museo del Barrio, New York, United States
Eye Attack. Op Art and Kinetic Art 1950-1970, Louisiana Museum of Modern Art, Humlebaek, Denmark
In the Studio, Tate Modern, London, United Kingdom
Un musée imaginé. Et si l’art disparaissait ? Trois collections européennes. Centre Pompidou, Tate, MMK, Centre Pompidou-Metz, Metz, France
Destination. Latin America, Neuberger Museum of Art (Stairway Gallery), Purchase, United States
2015
Light Show, Museum of Contemporary Art Australia (MCA), Sydney, Australia
Libertad de Expresión. The Art Museum of the Americas and Cold War Politics, Art Museum of the Americas (AMA), Organization of American States (OAS), Washington, D.C., United States
Light Show, Sharjah Art Foundation, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
An Imagined Museum. Works from the Centre Pompidou, Tate and MMK collections, Tate Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
Let's Move, La Patinoire Royale - Galerie Valérie Bach, Brussels, Belgium
2014
Radical Geometry. Modern Art of South America from the Patricia Phelps de Cisneros Collection, Royal Academy of Arts, London, United Kingdom.
Visual Deception II. Into the Future, Bunkamura Museum of Art, Tokyo, Japan.
Formes simples, Centre Pompidou-Metz, Metz, France.
Que la lumière soit !, Espace Fondation EDF, Paris, France.
2013
Homage to Denise René. Past, Present and Future of a Vision, Espace Expression, Miami, United States.
Dynamo. Un siècle de lumière et de mouvement dans l’art. 1913-2013, Grand Palais, Paris, France.
La invención concreta. Colección Patricia Phelps de Cisneros, Museo Nacional Centro de Arte Reina Sofía, Madrid, Spain.
Modernités plurielles. de 1905 à 1970, Georges Pompidou National Center for Art and Culture, Paris, France.
Lightopia, Vitra Design Museum, Weil am Rhein, Germany.
Light Show, Hayward Gallery, London, United Kingdom.
2012
Néon. Who’s afraid of red, yellow and blue?, La Maison Rouge - Fondation Antoine de Galbert, Paris, France.
Suprasensorial. Experiments in Light, Color and Space, Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden, Washington, D.C., United States.
Fifty years of Latin American Art. Selections from the Neuberger Museum of Art, Americas Society/Council of the Americas, New York, United States.
2011
América fría. La abstracción geométrica latinoamericana (1934 - 1973), Fundación Juan March, Madrid, Spain
Gallery One, New Vision Centre, Signals and Indica, Tate Gallery, London, United Kingdom.
2010
Suprasensorial. Experiments in Light, Color and Space, The Geffen Contemporary at The Museum of Contemporary Art (MOCA), Los Angeles, United States
2007
Lo[s] cinético[s], Queen Sofia National Museum Art Centre, Madrid, Spain
2005
L'Œil moteur. Art optique et cinétique, 1950-1975, Musée d'Art Moderne et Contemporain, Strasbourg, France
2004
Inverted Utopias. Avant-Garde Art in Latin America, Museum of Fine Arts (MFAH), Houston, United States
2003
Alternating Currents, University of Essex Collection of Latin American Art and Firstsite, The Minories Art Gallery, Colchester, United Kingdom
2001
Denise René, l’intrépide. Une galerie dans l’aventure de l’art abstrait, 1944-1978, Georges Pompidou National Center for Art and Culture, Graphic Art Gallery and Gallery of the Museum, Paris, France
1993
Latin American Artists of the Twentieth Century, Museum of Modern Art (MoMA), New York, United States
1992
L'art en mouvement, Maeght Foundation, Saint-Paul-de-Vence, France
1986
Forty Years of Modern Art 1945-1985, Tate Gallery, London, United Kingdom
1967
Lumière et Mouvement, Paris Museum of Modern Art (MAM), Paris, France
1965
The Responsive Eye, Museum of Modern Art (MoMA), New York, United States
1964
Nouvelle Tendance. Propositions visuelles du mouvement international, Musée des Arts Décoratifs, Palais du Louvre, Pavillon de Marsan, Paris, France
1961
Bewogen Beweging, Stedelijk Museum, Amsterdam, Netherlands
2019
Presentation of Honoris Causa Doctorate posthumously to the artist Carlos Cruz-Diez, Central University of Venezuela, Caracas, Venezuela
2018
Human Rights Friendly Personality, International Solidarity for Human Rights, Miami, United States
2016
The International Trebbia Award, Trebbia Foundation, Prague, Czech Republic
2015
Turner Medal, The City University, London, United Kingdom
2014
Honorary Doctorate, Central University, Caracas, Venezuela
2012
Prize Penagos de Dibujo, Fundación Mapfre, Madrid, Spain
Rank of Officer of the National Order of the Legion of Honour, Paris, France
2011
Golden Medal, Americas Society/Council of the Americas, New York, United States
2007
Honorary Doctorate of Fine Arts, Universidad of the Andes, Mérida, Venezuela. Badge
2006
Honorary Doctorate, Simón Bolívar University, Caracas, Venezuela
2002
Rank of Commander, Order of Arts and Letters, Paris, France
1994
Rank of Commander, Order of Christopher Columbus, Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic
1992
Gold Medal, Norwegian International Print Triennial, Oslo, Norway
1986
Rank of Officer, Order of Arts and Letters, Paris, France
1981
Order Andrés Bello, First Class, Caracas, Venezuela
1971
National Art Award, National Institute of Culture and Fine Arts (INCIBA), Caracas, Venezuela
1967
International Painting Prize, IX São Paulo Biennial, São Paulo, Brazil
1966
Grand Prize, III Bienal Americana de Arte, National University of Córdoba, Faculty of Science, Córdoba, Argentina
2021
Expo 2020 Dubai, France Pavilion, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
2019
Induction Chromatique Walkway, National Museum of the Republic of Kazakhstan plaza, Nur-Sultan (Astana), Kazakhstan
Induction Chromatique Walkway, Al-Balad (historic district), Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
Promenade Chromatique Vienne, Museum of Modern Art, Ludwig Foundation (MUMOK), Vienna, Austria
2018
Induction Chromatique Human Rights. Article 27 Right to Culture, Miami Dade College, Miami, United States
Art Basel, Messe Basel, Basel, Switzerland
Environnement Chromatique, Parvis des Droits de l'Homme, Centre Pompidou-Metz, Metz, France
2017
Chromatic Induction Walkway SCAD 1, SCAD Museum of Art, Savannah, United States
Physichromie Trinity, Tour Trinity, Paris (La Défense), France
2016
Ambientación Cromática, Montalbán 11, Madrid, Spain
Environnement Chromatique, Palais d’Iéna, Paris, France
Physichromie Longchamp, Longchamp, Paris, France
2015
Cromoestructura, Kenex Plaza Building, Panama City, Republic of Panama
Induction Chromatique Manosque, Auditorium of the Music Academy, Eglise du Couvent des Observantins, Manosque, France
2014
Environnement Chromatique, One CityCenter’s Covington & Burling LLP hall building, Washington, D.C., United States
Couleur Additive Liverpool One, Thomas Steers Way, Liverpool, United Kingdom
Induction Chromatique à double fréquence, Edmund Gardner Dazzle Ship 14-18 NOW, Royal Albert Dock, Liverpool, United Kingdom
Cruz-Diez. Color espacial, Oscar Niemeyer International Cultural Centre, Avilés, Spain.
2012
Physichromie Berrini One, Berrini One Building, São Paulo, Brazil
Induction Chromatique à double fréquence, Place des Victoires, Paris, France
2011
Induction Chromatique à Double Fréquence, Marlins Ballpark Stadium, Miami, United States
Transcromía, Parroquia San Norberto, Bogotá, Colombia
2010
Transchromie mécanique aléatoire, Longchamp, New York, United States
2008
Physichromie double face, Welcome Center Entrance, University of Houston, Houston, United States
2004
Ambientación Cromática, National Network of Youth and Children Orchestras of Venezuela, Caracas, Venezuela
1997
Caleidoscopio, Residence of the Venezuelan Embassy, Buenos Aires, Argentina
1994
Cilindros de Inducción Cromática por cambio de frecuencia, Silos de Molinos Dominicanos, Port, Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic
Laberinto Cromovegetal, Simón Bolívar University, Caracas, Venezuela
1992
Ambientación Cromática, Plaza de la Realidad Virtual, Venezuelan Pavilion, “The Seville Expo '92”, Seville, Spain
1991
Fisicromía Doble Faz para Madrid, Juan Carlos I Park, Madrid, Spain
1989
Induction Chromatique, La Canebière & Place Général de Gaulle, Marseille, France
1985
Chromostructure, Bolívar Hall Cultural Centre (Miranda House), London, United Kingdom
1983
Cromoestructura Vegetal, Nutibara Hill, Medellín, Colombia
1982
Fisicromía - homenaje a Don Andrés Bello, Plaza Venezuela, Caracas, Venezuela
Cromoestructura radial - Homenaje al sol, roundabout Las Trinitarias, Barquisimeto, Venezuela.
1981
Plafond Physichromie, Covered walkway of the railway station, Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, France
1977
Ambientación Cromática, Simón Bolívar Hydroelectric Plant, Guri, Venezuela
1976
Physichromie double face, Place du Venezuela, Paris, France
1975
Environnement chromo-cinétique, Union Bank of Switzerland (UBS) headquarters, Flurpark SBG, Zürich, Switzerland
Cilindros de Inducción Cromática, Port of La Guaira, La Guaira, Venezuela
Color Aditivo, Boulevard of Sabana Grande, Caracas, Venezuela
1974
Ambientación de Color Aditivo, Simón Bolívar International Airport, Maiquetia, Venezuela
2020
Perez Art Museum Miami (PAMM), Miami, United States.
Nancy and Rich Kinder building of the Museum of Fine Arts, Houston, United States.
2018
Turin Civic Gallery of Modern and Contemporary Art (GAM), Turin, Italy.
Louisiana Museum of Modern Art, Humlebaek, Denmark
2017
Georges Pompidou National Center for Art and Culture, Paris, France
2012
The Geffen Contemporary at The Museum of Contemporary Art (MOCA), Los Angeles, United States
Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden, Washington, D.C., United States
2009
Museum of Fine Arts (MFAH), Houston, United States
2008
Museum of Modern Art (MoMA), New York, United States
2004
Museo de la Estampa y del Diseño Carlos Cruz-Diez (MEDI), Caracas, Venezuela
1994
National Art Gallery (GAN), Caracas, Venezuela
1989
Musée d'art contemporain de Lyon, Lyon, France
1988
Caracas Museum of Contemporary Art, Caracas, Venezuela
1981
Montreal Museum of Fine Arts, Montreal, Canada
1978
United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), Paris, France
1977
Tehran Museum Of Contemporary Art, Tehran, Iran
1976
Tate Modern, London, United Kingdom
1975
Bogotá Museum of Modern Art (MAMBO), Bogotá, Colombia
1973
Colección de Arte del Banco de la República (Centro Cultural de Bogotá y Museo de Arte Miguel Urrutia), Bogotá, Colombia
1970
Fonds national d’art contemporain (FNAC) du Centre national d’art contemporain (CNAC), Paris, France
1968
Museum of Modern Art, Ludwig Foundation (MUMOK), Vienna, Austria
1967
Museum of Contemporary Art Australia (MCA), The University of Sydney (JW Power Collection), Sydney, Australia
1965
Musée d’art contemporain de Montreal (MACM), Montreal, Canada
Paris Museum of Modern Art (MAM), Paris, France
Museum of Fine Arts, Caracas, Venezuela
Museum of Modern Art (MAM), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Neue Pinakothek, Munich, Germany
Latin American Art Museum of Buenos Aires (MALBA) - Costantini Foundation, Buenos Aires, Argentina
Casa de las Américas, Havana, Cuba
Art Museum of the Americas (AMA), Organization of American States (OAS), Washington, D.C., United States
Satoru Sato Art Museum, Tome, Japan
Museum of Fine Arts Bern, Bern, Switzerland
